Vocab

Vocabulary for DNA: Nucleus - The control center of the cell that contains chromosomes. Chromosome - What carries genes and is made up of DNA. Guanine - A compound that is paired with cytosine in DNA and RNA. DNA - Short for deoxyribonucleic acid, it is the "hereditary material" found in almost all living organism and carries information for your body. Thymine - A compound that is paired with adenine in DNA and RNA. Nucleic acids - What allows genetic information to be passed from one generation to another. Cytosine - A compound that is paired with Guanine in DNA and RNA. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">RNA - Short for ribonucleic acid, it carries instructions from DNA and is found in almost all living organisms. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">DNA replication - What happens when the DNA in a living organism is copied. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Gene - What determines traits, or characteristics about the organism, found in chromosomes. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Double helix - The shape of DNA. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Twisted ladder - Another name for t he shape of DNA. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nitrogen Bases - The nitrogen bases are the compounds adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Base pairs - The linking between two nitrogen bases. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Backbone - The backbone of the DNA are the two strands made up of phosphate and pentose sugar. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Hydrogen bond - The bonds that hold the base pairs together. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Adenine - A compound that is paired with thymine in DNA and RNA. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Cell division - The process that a cell goes through to split into two "daughter" cells. <span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif;">Trait - A genetically determined characteristic.

<span style="color: #ff0000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 112%; text-align: left;">Vocabulary For Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Chromatid - The two strands that a chromosome divides into during cell division. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Nucleus - The control center of the cell that contains chromosomes. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">DNA - Short for deoxyribonucleic acid, it is the "hereditary material" found in almost all living organisms and carries information for your body. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Cell division - The process that a cell goes through to split into two "daughter" cells. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Mitosis - A type of cell duplication that produces daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Identical - Exactly the same. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Replication - The process of copying something. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Variation - A slight difference. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Chromosome - What carries genes and is made up of DNA. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Sex cells - Cells responsible for transmitting DNA to the next generation. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Cell cycle - The process that a cell goes through for division and identical duplication. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Centromere - The place on a chromosome where it is connected to a fiber during cell division. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">DNA replication - The process of DNA being copied. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Asexual reproduction - When an organism is produced by a single parent and inherits only that parent's characteristics. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Sexual reproduction - When an organism is produced by two parents and inherits some of both of the parents' characteristics. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%;">Growth + repair - The process that cells go through to produce identical cells to grow and repair an organism. <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;">DNA Double Helix, aka a "twisted ladder" <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;"> <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;">Mini Quiz: <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 102%; text-align: left;">